Hong Kong’s Hexagonal Columns Named Among the World’s Top 100 Geological Wonders by IUGS

On October 22, 2022, the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) announced the prestigious recognition of Hong Kong’s unique geological heritage—the Early Cretaceous rhyolitic columnar rock formation, popularly known as the High Island Formation, as one of the First 100 IUGS Geological Heritage Sites. This remarkable achievement highlights Hong Kong’s global significance in the field of geology and underscores its status as a natural wonder.

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A Historic Recognition

The announcement, made during the IUGS’s global event in Zumaia, Spain, marked a milestone for Hong Kong’s geological community. The selection recognizes sites of exceptional scientific importance, emphasizing their value for conservation, education, and geotourism. Hong Kong’s inclusion in this esteemed list places its volcanic rock formations alongside iconic global landmarks such as Uluru in Australia, the Grand Canyon in the United States, and the Shilin Karst in China.

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The Geological Marvel of Hong Kong

The High Island Formation, located along the coast and on numerous islands within Sai Kung and the surrounding regions, features large, well-preserved hexagonal volcanic columns. These columns, some reaching up to 3 meters in diameter and 100 meters in height, are composed of light-colored rhyolitic volcanic rock, a rarity among similar formations worldwide, which are typically dark basalt.

Geologists trace the origin of these columns back to volcanic activity approximately 140 million years ago. During that period, intense crustal movements created a massive volcano in southeastern Hong Kong. A colossal eruption spewed vast amounts of volcanic ash and lava, which eventually collapsed, forming a caldera about 20 kilometers wide. Over time, the cooling and contraction of volcanic materials within this caldera led to the formation of the iconic hexagonal columns we see today.

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Significance and Impact

The recognition by IUGS not only celebrates Hong Kong’s rich geological history but also promotes greater awareness and conservation of its natural heritage. The High Island Formation’s unique features attract scientists, tourists, and students worldwide, fostering education and sustainable geotourism.

This achievement also emphasizes Hong Kong’s role in global geological research and showcases the region’s natural beauty and scientific importance. The site’s inclusion in the First 100 IUGS Geological Heritage Sites affirms its status as a natural treasure of international significance.

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Looking Ahead

The Hong Kong Geopark, which has been managing and promoting these geological wonders since 2009, continues to organize educational programs, scientific research, and eco-tourism activities to share this extraordinary heritage with the world. The recognition by IUGS serves as a catalyst for further conservation efforts and global collaboration.

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In conclusion, Hong Kong’s hexagonal volcanic columns are not just a local marvel—they are a globally recognized geological wonder, inspiring awe and curiosity for generations to come. Visitors and researchers alike are encouraged to explore these natural formations and appreciate their significance in Earth’s dynamic history.

Discover more about Hong Kong’s geological treasures and plan your visit to witness these extraordinary formations firsthand.